12 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
gap metabolic acidosis ... settings, the urine sodium ... the excretion of sodium ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
(NAGMA) - Differential ... Chloride Intoxication ... - Pancreatic/Biliary ... Metabolic #NAGMA #Differential ... Diagnosis #Workup #nephrology
Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA)  Type 1 

Totally scuppers the kidney's acidification mechanism. Will be
Renal Tubular Acidosis ... Distal #Diagnosis #Management ... #Nephrology #Causes ... #Differential # ... RenalTubular #Acidosis
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Hypernatremia Differential ... Hypernatremia #Management ... #Algorithm #Sodium ... #nephrology #insipidus
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Gap Metabolic Acidosis ... : • Lactic acidosis ... loads (ammonium chloride ... #differential # ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Hypochloremia - Differential ... • Fatigue Chloride ... cause metabolic acidosis ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology ... #Chloride
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
cell epithelial sodium ... of epithelial sodium ... renal tubular acidosis ... Defects #Kidney #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential ... contracted: urine chloride ... chronic respiratory acidosis ... Metabolic #Alkalosis #Differential ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
thiazide-sensitive sodium ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Renal tubular acidosis ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology ... #management #pathophysiology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
Hypernatremia - Differential ... The differential ... , Dehydration: neurologic ... Diagnosis #Treatment #management ... #nephrology #sodium