21 results
Hypermagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism
Renal Failure 
Excessive Mg Administration 
 - Massive PO intake
Hypermagnesemia ... intake - Magnesium ... DrEricStrong #Hypermagnesemia ... #Table #Causes ... #Management
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Hypomagnesemia - ... Primary intestinal hypomagnesemia ... Diagnosis #Low #Magnesium ... #Table #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Magnesium Electrolyte Repletion
Oral - Only do if patient does not tolerate IV
 • Magnesium oxide (can
Magnesium Electrolyte ... oxide (can cause ... diarrhea and cause ... Electrolyte #Repletion #management ... #hypomagnesemia
Symptoms and Signs of Hypomagnesemia
Neuromuscular:
 - Tetany, Muscle weakness, Chvostek and Trousseau signs, Cerebellar (ataxia, nystagmus,
Symptoms and Signs of Hypomagnesemia ... Muscle weakness, Chvostek ... Dysphagia, Anorexia, nausea ... Hypocalcemia, Anemia #Hypomagnesemia ... #magnesium #Symptoms
Potassium Electrolyte Repletion
If patient also has hypomagnesemia, replete magnesium before repleting potassium
Oral:
 • Pills (ask pharmacy
patient also has hypomagnesemia ... , replete magnesium ... Intravenous (can cause ... Electrolyte #Repletion #management
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
- Polyuria - Hypomagnesemia ... Low #Potassium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes
Shock - Differential Diagnosis by Classification

Hypovolemic (Intravascular volume depletion)
 - Hemorrhagic 
   • Trauma
Differential Diagnosis by Classification ... exacerbation (any cause ... flow) - Massive pulmonary ... Differential #Diagnosis #Classification ... #Table #CriticalCare
Hypermagnesemia - Diagnosis and Management

Hypermagnesemia is a serum magnesium concentration > 2.6 mg/dL.
Symptoms include hyporeflexia, hypotension,
Hypermagnesemia ... Diagnosis and Management ... mortality in ICU Causes ... helpful in severe cases ... #Diagnosis #Management
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma):
 • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
K; also binds magnesium ... Side Effects: Hypomagnesemia ... nonspecifically binds K, magnesium ... hypokalemia); nausea ... #pharmacology #table
Pulmonary Embolism - Risk Stratification and Prognostication based on scores and clinical features

 • Bova score
Pulmonary Embolism ... class (30-day all cause ... Hemodynamics (Stable ... @nickmmark #Pulmonary ... prognostication #diagnosis #management