12 results
Hepatomegaly - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Malignant
 • Primary Carcinoma
 • Metastases
 • Lymphoma
 • Leukemia
 • Polycythemia
Non-Malignant • Fatty Liver ... Hemochromatosis • Wilson's Disease ... • Budd-Chiari Syndrome ... Cirrhosis #Hepatomegaly ... #Causes #Hepatology
Causes of Ascites - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Portal Hypertension - Prehepatic:
 • Portal vein thrombosis
 • Splenic
Causes of Ascites ... - Hepatic: • Cirrhosis ... • Infiltrative disease ... • Acute liver ... #Hepatology #causes
Portal Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis
Portal Pressure = the pressure difference between the pressure in the portal
thrombocytopenia, hepatic encephalopathy ... Clues to non-cirrhotic ... /acute hepatitis ... pregnancy • Primary ... #Diagnosis #causes
Common Etiologies of Cirrhosis

Inflammation

 - Hepatitis B (15 percent)

 - Hepatitis C (47 percent)

 - Schistosomiasis
congenital - Primary ... (Budd-Chiari syndrome ... #Differential # ... Hepatology #Cirrhosis ... #Causes
Causes of Ascites
Normal Peritoneum
Portal hypertension (SAAG > 1.1 g/dL)
  1. Hepatic congestionl
Causes of Ascites ... Liver disease ... - Cirrhosis ... - Alcoholic hepatitis ... #Causes #diagnosis
Drug Induced Liver Injury (DILI) - Stepwise Diagnosis Algorithm
DILI suspicion
Features toxic aetiology: Skin involvement, Kidney injury,
DILI) - Stepwise Diagnosis ... non-essential drug/HDS treatments ... for alternative causes ... disease, Hepatic ... disorder (e.g. ascites
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
65 years PBC Pathophysiology ... intralobular bile ducts causes ... bile ducts Differential ... Viral hepatitis, ... #hepatology
Liver Chemistries - Interpretation of LFTs

R-value: Serum (ALT/ULN ALT) / (Alk phos/ULN ALP)
 • R >
INR > 1.5 • Encephalopathy ... : < 1 • Cirrhosis ... • Gilbert's syndrome ... #chemistry #diagnosis ... #differential #
Sjogren's Syndrome Overview

Epidemiology:
• F > M: 9:1
• 5-6th Decades (can be any age)

Autoimmune exocrinopathy multisystemic disease
Hypocomplementemia • Can cause ... vasculitis: 10%-16% Liver ... • Autoimmune hepatitis ... cirrhosis: 3%-20% ... Adenocarcinoma Treatment
Acute Retroviral Syndrome
Acute Retroviral Syndrome is the symptomatic presentation of acute human immunodeficiency virus infection

 •
• Symptoms of primary ... Fever (75%) • Encephalopathy ... enzymes ↑ • Mild anemia ... antibody test) Treatment ... ART to slow HIV disease