11 results
Cardiac Murmurs and Maneuvers

An algorithm demonstrating the effect of various maneuvers on systolic murmurs. 
TR, tricuspid
stenosis; MVP/MR ... ; HOCM, hypertrophic ... obstructive cardiomyopathy ... ; MR, mitral regurgitation ... Maneuvers #Heart #Cardiology
Maneuvers to Identify Systolic Murmurs 
Effect of Squatting and Valsalva:
 - Mitral Valve Prolapse 
 -
Identify Systolic Murmurs ... and Valsalva: - Mitral ... Valve Prolapse - Hypertrophic ... Cardiomyopathy ... PhysicalExam #Diagnosis #Cardiology
The Role of Echocardiography in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
 • Establish diagnosis & determine pattern of hypertrophy
 •
Cardiomyopathy ... & direction of mitral ... valve & papillary muscles ... #Cardiomyopathy ... Echocardiogram #cardiology
Systolic Murmurs - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Benign / Flow / Hyperdynamic:
 • Pregnancy
 • Fever
 • Anemia
Supravalvular
Systolic Murmurs ... Stenosis: • Hypertrophic ... Regurgitation - Papillary Muscle ... #Systolic #Murmurs ... #Cardiology #Differential
Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy: Heart Murmur
 • Occurs during systole 
 • Crescendo-decrescendo murmur
 • Heard best
Hypertrophic Obstructive ... Cardiomyopathy: ... Radiates aortic/mitral ... handgrip) #Hypertrophic ... #Cardiac #Cardiology
Anomalous papillary muscle with septal chordal attachment on Echocardiogram
Abnormalities of the mitral apparatus are frequent in
Abnormalities of the mitral ... are frequent in hypertrophic ... cardiomyopathy. ... apicalized #clinical #cardiology ... #pocus #a4c
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
regurgitation: • Leaflet: Hypertrophic ... cardiomyopathy, ... rupture • Papillary muscle ... , Papillary muscle ... differential #diagnosis #cardiology
Yamaguchi cardiomyopathy on Echocardiogram (A4C)

ECG has been stable for years, she only feels unwell when in
Yamaguchi cardiomyopathy ... Echocardiogram (A4C ... Cardiac MR shows ... #apical #hypertrophic ... #clinical #cardiology
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
and Functional Mitral ... or LV papillary muscle ... displacement of papillary muscles ... restrictive CMP, hypertrophic ... Differential #Diagnosis #Cardiology
Palpitations - Differential Diagnosis Framework

What?
• It is an unpleasant awareness or sensation that the heart is
• Intercostal muscle ... heart failure • Mitral ... etiologies • Hypertrophic ... cardiomyopathy ... #Palpitations #Cardiology