14 results
Growth Hormone Excess - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Acromegaly and gigantism share the same pathophysiology
share the same pathophysiology ... • Other rare causes ... Overproduction #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Feedback Loop: Growth Hormone (GH)
Growth Hormone:
 • Liver -> GHR activates JAK-STAT pathway -> Incr IGF1
Growth Hormone (GH ... activates lipolysis Signs ... /Symptoms: • GH ... #FeedbackLoop #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Acromegaly 
Caused by over-secretion of growth hormone (GH) from the pituitary gland. 
The condition is rare
Acromegaly Caused ... growth hormone (GH ... #Acromegaly #Signs ... Symptoms #Diagnosis #Endocrinology
Acromegaly - Diagnosis and Management Summary - GrepMed Handbook 

Clinical Presentation: 
 • Classic Acromegaly: frontal
malignancy Pathophysiology ... • GH stimulates ... or refractory cases ... Diagnosis #Management #Endocrinology ... #Treatment #Pathophysiology
21-Hydroxylase Deficiency (21-OHD): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Autosomal recessive mutation in CYP21A2 coding for the enzyme 21-OHase
enzyme 21-OHase causes ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... a scrotum #21HydroxylaseDeficiency ... #21OHD #pathophysiology ... #genetics #endocrinology
Pituitary Mass Effects - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Pituitary turnors are almost always a benign
For pituitary masses ... following order; GH ... Signs / Symptoms ... #SideEffects #endocrinology ... mnemonic #GLFTAP #pathophysiology
Mixed Urinary Incontinence: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Urgency Urinary Incontinence (UUI) -> Urinary leakage preceded by a
the bladder Stress ... to Void - Weak Stream ... SUI or UUI not caused ... Incontinence #Mixed #Pathophysiology ... #Signs #Symptoms
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
out of cells may cause ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... Abdominal pain, nausea ... DiabeticKetoacidosis #DKA #pathophysiology ... #endocrinology
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA): Extra-articular manifestations
Skin: 
 • Inflammation of skin (esp. over areas of stress) forms
over areas of stress ... inflammation tends to cause ... RheumatoidArthritis #RA #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Collapse: • Pathophysiology ... → Syncope • Signs ... environmental heat stress ... Hyperventilation, Dizziness, Nausea ... differential #diagnosis #causes