57 results
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
- Differential Diagnosis ... urine can induce color ... hematuria • Signs ... • Infection (Viral ... #causes #urology
Labyrinthitis 
Vestibular neuritis + unilateral hearing loss = Labyrinthitis 
1) Vertigo (severe) 
2) Gait instability 
3)
instability 3) Nausea ... hearing loss Clinical ... Possibly due to viral ... Labyrinthitis #Diagnosis ... #Symptoms #Signs
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Clonus, Babinski’s sign ... • Lhermitte’s sign ... pupillary defect SIGNS ... Signs and symptoms ... #management #neurology
Post-Transplantation Lymphoproliferative Disorders (PTLD)
Definition: Lymphoid and/or plasmacytic proliferations that occur as a result of immunosuppression in
Conditioning regimen Signs ... , unexplained hematologic ... load, signs/symptoms ... to 50% of PTLD cases ... #management #transplant
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
 -
Tuberculosis - Diagnosis ... and Management ... extrapulmonary cases ... Clinical Signs ... years - May have signs
Bullous Pemphigoid - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Pathophysiology: Autoantibody-mediated damage to epithelial basement membrane -> separation of
Bullous Pemphigoid - Diagnosis ... epidermis from dermis Clinical ... Signs/Symptoms/ ... - Erosions and crusts ... #Management #dermatology
Causes of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived (typically less
Causes of Peripheral ... Sometimes history of viral ... signs or symptoms ... #differential #diagnosis ... #neurology
Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) - Recognition of giant cell arteritis (GCA)

1) Is visual loss caused
Is visual loss caused ... the optic nerve caused ... Clinical manifestations ... Doppler US : halo sign ... Ophthalmology #Diagnosis
Syncope is a sudden, transient loss of consciousness, which is thought to be secondary to cerebral
further guide management ... including orthostatic vital ... sign measurements ... Further diagnostics ... should be guided by clinical
Polyarteritis Nodosa (PAN): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Medical Comorbidities Malignancies (most commonly hairy-cell leukemia)
Immunogenetic Predisposition: patient is
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... Postulate 1 - Viral ... replication causes ... Pathophysiology #Diagnosis ... #Signs #Symptoms