14 results
Cryoglobulinemia Summary

Cryoglobulins:
 • Cryoglobulins are Igs in the serum that precipitate in vitro at temperatures below
• Autoimmune diseases ... Types: • Type ... • Low serum C4 complement ... • Vasculitis ... #classification
Hypersensitivity Types and Their Mechanisms
Type I - lgE - Soluble antigen
 - Allergen-specific lgE antibodies bind
Hypersensitivity Types ... antigen, leading to complement ... during hemolytic disease ... Complement activation ... #Classification
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
(Granulomatous disease ... atherosclerotic disease ... most important diseases ... against MPO • Complement ... #rheumatology #classification
Summary table of types of hypersensitivity reactions. 
Type 1
 - Mediators: lgE
 - Antigen Form: Soluble
Summary table of types ... antigens, leading to complement ... reaction, Haemolytic disease ... they activate complement ... allergy #table #classification
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN)
RPGN has three primary pathophysiologic causes differentiated by immunofluorescence

Immune Complex Mediated (granular staining):
staining): • Low Complement ... Idiopathic • Normal Complement ... involvement: Anti-GBM Disease ... Glomerulonephritis #Vasculitis ... differential #diagnosis #algorithm
Clinical Classification of Pulmonary Hypertension

1. Pulmonary arterial hypertension from pulmonary vasculopathy
Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension
Heritable gene mutations
Clinical Classification ... protein receptor type ... activin A receptor type ... neurofibromatosis, vasculitis ... Hypertension #PHTN #Classification
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
anti-Smith Ab, low complements ... Classification: ... ANCA-associated vasculitis ... • Type-I Interferonopathies ... RNP antibodies, Complement
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Cold Agglutinin Disease ... 3 Types of Cold ... Cryoglobulins (Vasculitic ... Cold Agglutinin Disease ... temperatures by fixing complement
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease 

24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
for glomerular disease ... or alternative complement ... of glomerular disease ... for ANCA-related vasculitis ... cryoglobulinemias (types
Classification of Gastritis
Non-atrophic: Helicobacter pylori
Atrophic
 • Autoimmune: Autoimmunity
 • Multifocal atrophic: H. pylori, environmental insults
Special forms
Classification of ... Gluten (coeliac disease ... granulomatous: Crohn's disease ... granulomatosis and other vasculitides ... gastroenterology #types