39 results
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
and Nephrotic Syndromes ... Nephritic syndrome—due ... RBC casts in urine ... May be 10 (eg direct ... #Classification
Classification of Jaundice
Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia (predominantly indirect bilirubin)
 • Increased bilirubin production (eg, hemolytic anemias, hemolytic reactions,
Classification of ... cholestasis, and some cases ... miscellaneous causes ... #Jaundice #Classification ... #differential #causes
Shock - Differential Diagnosis by Classification
Reflex Syncope 
 - Vasovagal syncope
   • Prolonged standing
Differential Diagnosis by Classification ... Medication side effect (e.g ... Subclavian steal syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #Classification ... #Table #Causes
Syncope is a sudden, transient loss of consciousness, which is thought to be secondary to cerebral
cardiac syncope, e.g ... frequently benign causes ... carotid sinus syndrome ... further guide management ... and an initial ECG
Peri-operative Hyperthermia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
If prolonged or ≥ 39 C this is a
maintained fever CAUSES ... • Serotonin syndrome ... Anticholinergic syndrome ... #Differential #Causes ... Checklist #Diagnosis #Management
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome – ARDS: Clinical Cheat Sheet

An acute diffuse, inflammatory lung injury, leading to
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ... objective assessment“ (e.g ... there is no clear cause ... the underlying cause ... RespiratoryDistress #Syndrome
Major neurocognitive disorders (MNCD): Diagnosis and workup 

1) Clinical diagnosis Cognitive impairment + loss of autonomy
2)
Alzheimer - 1st cause ... Aphaso-apraxo-agnosia syndrome ... - 25% genetic component ... Dementia - 2nd cause ... Differential #Subtypes #Classification
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Acellular Casts ... • Hyaline Casts ... suggestive of nephrotic sydnrome ... colored compounds (e.g ... Microscopy #nephrology #interpretation
Hypermagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism
Renal Failure 
Excessive Mg Administration 
 - Massive PO intake
IV Mg infusion (e.g ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... Magnesium #Table #Causes ... #Management
Visceral Leishmaniasis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Species: Leishmania donovani, Leishmania infantum, Leishmania chagasi
Where: South Asia, East
Diagnosis and Management ... of complement components ... Weight Loss • Can cause ... total of 21 mg/kg ... Leishmaniasis #diagnosis #management