13 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Algorithm Cl- ... , Gitelman syndrome ... the indicated causes ... #urine #Algorithm ... #nephrology #differential
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Diagnosis and Workup ... Repeat the sodium ... • nephrotic syndrome ... Hypernatremia #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis Workup ... Algorithm 1) ... , Cushing syndrome ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Fatigue Chloride ... Cl⁻ with other components ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology ... #Chloride
Major neurocognitive disorders (MNCD): Diagnosis and workup 

1) Clinical diagnosis Cognitive impairment + loss of autonomy
2)
MRI, iADL scale, ... Alzheimer - 1st cause ... Aphaso-apraxo-agnosia syndrome ... - 25% genetic component ... Dementia - 2nd cause
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
Oral sodium loading ... CT or MRI scan of ... • Cushing’s syndrome ... Mineralocorticoid excess syndromes ... #Screening #Workup
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Kidney Injury - AKI Workup ... Algorithm and Differential ... osmolarity If cause ... #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... treat underlying cause ... cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #sodium
Algorithm for the Evaluation of Chronic Diarrhea (< 7 days)
Exclude:
1. Causes of acute diarrhea
2. Lactose intolerance
3.
Algorithm for the ... Causes of acute ... barium, CT, or MR ... Diarrhea #management #algorithm ... #workup #diagnosis
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia is usually caused ... 3 questions to work ... demyelination syndrome ... Treatment #management #nephrology ... #sodium