23 results
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... mmol/L - true hyponatremia ... renal failure #Hypernatremia ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm ... #Nephrology
True Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm

Instead (or in addition) of volume status examination, check urine sodium and serum
True Hyponatremia ... and hypervolemic hyponatremia ... in euvolemic hyponatremia ... kidney_boy #True #Hyponatremia ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Hypernatremia Management Algorithm
Acute vs Chronic
Calculate Losses
 • Current water Deficit
 • Ongoing Free water Losses
 •
Hypernatremia Management ... Algorithm Acute ... Medicine @SCVMCMed #Hypernatremia ... #Management #Algorithm ... #treatment #nephrology
Diagnostic Approach to Hyponatremia
Box A:
 • Normo/hyperosmolar Hyponatremia: Glucose, Mannitol, Glycine, Contrast media, Maltose
 • Pseudohyponatremia:
Diagnostic Approach to Hyponatremia ... Normo/hyperosmolar Hyponatremia ... Primary Polydipsia, Low ... Wilkinsonjonny #Hyponatremia ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Beer Potomania - Low ... Heart failure, liver ... thecurbsiders #Hyponatremia ... #causes #nephrology
Causes of Altered Level of Consciousness GCS < 7 - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Brain Involvement - Hemispheric
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Other • Trauma / Concussion ... - Excesses • Liver ... Metabolic Acidosis • Hypernatremia ... deficiency • Hyponatremia
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia ... Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia ... irrigants Hypotonic Hyponatremia ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... #sodium #nephrology
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Rachel Stern MD #Hyponatremia ... #nephrology #sodium ... #low #uricacid
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
Evaluation of Hyponatremia ... symptoms (HA, nausea, confusion ... history (cardiac, liver ... EM #IM #Nephro #Hyponatremia ... #Differential #Algorithm
Hyponatremia with Severe Symptoms - Management Algorithm with Hypertonic Saline
The goal of acute management is to
Hyponatremia with ... probably not the low ... kidney_boy #Hyponatremia ... #treatment #Hypertonic ... #Saline #nephrology