11 results
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
differentiating kidney ... suggests extra-renal ... , Gitelman syndrome ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome - Diagnosis and Workup
Blood Work:
 - Hypokalemia
 - Hypomagnesemia
 - Metabolic Alkalosis
 - Elevated
Gitelman Syndrome ... Diagnosis and Workup Blood ... Work: - Hypokalemia ... #Syndrome #Diagnosis ... #Workup #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... Normal or low blood ... (renal potassium ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... #nephrology #management
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
effective arterial blood ... ↑ Aldosterone: Kidney ... , Gitelman syndrome ... urine #potassium #differential ... algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology
Hematuria in Post-Renal Transplant Patient
Prevalence up to 12% in the postrenal transplant patient
 • Bacterial: Escherichia
(Goodpasture's syndrome ... #Transplant #differential ... #blood #urine # ... management #treatment ... #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... Framework and Management ... UA positive for blood ... nephrotoxicity to kidney ... causes #treatment #nephrology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup and Differential ... use of adequate doses ... disturbance, or acute kidney ... disorders including hypokalemia ... Workup #causes #Differential
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Agents Regulating Renal ... irrigation • Management ... Hyponatremia • Hypercalcemia ... Prevention of blood ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology
Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT) - ICU One Pager Summary
Indications (AIEOU):
 • A: Acidosis (usually severe metabolic)
derangements (hyperkalemia ... , hypercalcemia, ... dialysate flow (both convection ... #Therapy #RRT #managment ... #nephrology #CRRT
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Immunosuppressive agents, Renal ... transfusion, Hypercalcemia ... Reversible course Differential ... #diagnosis #management ... #neurology