38 results
Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO). Positive "spot sign" on Ocular Ultrasound

78 yo M with sudden onset
Positive "spot sign ... " on Ocular Ultrasound ... Occlusion #Embolus #Clinical ... #POCUS #Ocular ... #Ultrasound
Xeropthalmia: Pathogenesis and Ocular Manifestations

Decr Visual pigment -> Keratinization, thickening & non-wetting of the conjunctiva
Pathogenesis and Ocular ... production -> Corneal ... blindness) • Corneal ... #Xeropthalmia #pathophysiology ... ophthalmology #diagnosis #signs
Orbital Cellulitis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Definitions:
a. Chemosis: Edema of the bulbar conjunctiva
b. Panopthalmitis: inflammation of all
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... Impaired extra-ocular ... Exposes cornea -> Corneal ... Orbital #Cellulitis #pathophysiology ... ophthalmology #diagnosis #signs
Spondylolysis & Spondylolisthesis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Pars interarticularis stress fracture (spondylolysis) - most frequently in the
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... XR — scotty dog sign ... vertebrae • CT - collar ... MSK #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Keratoconus: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Genetics
 • Family history of keratoconus
 • Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
 • Down, Turner,
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... Bilateral, asymmetric corneal ... • Rizutti's Sign ... • Corneal Opacities ... #Keratoconus #pathophysiology
Trachoma: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

 • Environmental Factors -> Bacterial infection is encouraged by poor hygiene
Pathogenesis and clinical ... from nasal or ocular ... fibrosis => • Corneal ... Trachoma #Chlamydia #pathophysiology
Emphysematous Cystitis
Epidemiology:
 • Usually middle-aged diabetic women
 • Other RF: neurogenic bladder, urinary tract outlet obstruction,
immune compromise Clinical ... Signs/Symptoms: ... be present or signs ... Pathophysiology: ... KUB or abdominal ultrasound
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
 -
Diagnosis and Management ... extrapulmonary cases Clinical ... Signs/Symptoms: ... years - May have signs ... decreased reflexes Pathophysiology
Bullous Pemphigoid - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Pathophysiology: Autoantibody-mediated damage to epithelial basement membrane -> separation of
Diagnosis and Management ... Summary Pathophysiology ... epidermis from dermis Clinical ... Signs/Symptoms/ ... erosions in ~20% Management
Acute Closed Angle Glaucoma: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
OPHTHALMIC EMERGENCY: Early detection is essential, but most patients
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... -> crowding of ocular ... damage & blindness Signs ... obstruction • Corneal ... ClosedAngle #Glaucoma #pathophysiology