103 results
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
: • Cough and ... Constitutional symptoms ... Legionella: • Nausea ... factor • May cause ... in 100% of cases
Interstitial pneumonias
An acute reticular pattern is most frequently caused by interstitial edema due to cardiac heart
Interstitial pneumonias ... most frequently caused ... The other cause ... PCP Mycoplasma pneumonia ... nonproductive cough
Causes of Acute Pediatric Cough - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
No Fever, No Tachypnea
 - Normal Chest Auscultation
Causes of Acute ... Pediatric Cough ... Bronchitis - No URTI Symptoms ... • Bacterial pneumonia ... #Acute #Cough
Childhood Immunization Schedule: Why we immunize
 • Diphtheria Toxin -> URT inflammation causes pseudomembrane with hardened
hemorrhagic rash; symptoms ... fever, rhinorrhea, cough ... ; pneumonia occurs ... infection -> Fever, cough ... non-specific viral symptoms
Causes of Cough and Hemoptysis
Acute Inflammation 
 - Laryngitis 
 - Tracheobronchitis 
 - Mycoplasma and
Causes of Cough ... Mycoplasma and Viral Pneumonias ... - Bacterial Pneumonias ... #Chronic #Cough ... #Differential #Causes
Measles (Rubeola) 
Clinical 
 • High fever 
 • Cough, Coryza, Conjunctivitis (The 3 C's)
High fever • Cough ... comrnon) • Pneumonia ... (most common cause ... KoplikSpots #Features #Symptoms
Lobar pneumonia
On the chest x-ray there is an ill-defined area of increased density in the right
Lobar pneumonia ... long standing symptoms ... include the list of causes ... caused by Streptcoccus ... pneumoniae.
Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia 
Clinical 
 • Caused by Pneumocystis jirovecii (formerly carinil) 
 • Immunocompromised host
Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia ... Clinical • Caused ... CD4 < 200 • Symptoms ... • Fever, dry cough ... jirovecii #PJP #Pneumonia
Eosinophilic Pneumonia
When to suspect Eosinophilic Pneumonia? Non-resolving pneumonia + BAL > 25% eosinophils + excluded more
Eosinophilic Pneumonia ... Non-resolving pneumonia ... hx - Fever+, Cough ... Progressive SOB + Cough ... Constitutional Symptoms
Interstitial Lung Diseases (ILD)
Exposure-Related ILD (a.k.a. extrinsic allergic alveolitis): 
 • Hypersensitivity pneumonitis, Farmer's lung, Bird
ILD) Exposure-Related ... ILD caused by inhalation ... Acute interstitial pneumonia ... • Eosinophilic pneumonia ... differential #pulmonary #causes