12 results
Important Fungal Stains
Mycology Lab:
 • Calcofluor white - Fluorochrome that binds glucans and chitin in fungal
• India ink - "Negative ... polysaccharide capsule of Cryptococcus ... detection for cryptococcal ... mucopolysaccharide capsule of Cryptococcus ... fungi #fungus #comparison
Causes of Culture Negative Abscess - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Consider prior antibiotics as a cause of a
Abscess - Differential ... culture Brain: ... : Aspergillus, Cryptococcus ... nocardia - Fungal: Cryptococcus ... Coccidiomycosis, Cryptococcus
Differential Diagnosis for Concurrent Brain and Lung Infections
 • Bacteria: Strep anginosus, Staph aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae
Diagnosis for Concurrent ... Brain and Lung ... Mucormycosis, Cryptococcus ... @ID_fellows #Brain ... Lung #Infections #Concurrent
Concurrent Brain and Lung Lesions
 • Bacteria: Nocardia spp, Strep anginosus, Staph aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae (hypervirulent),
Concurrent Brain ... Mucormycosis, Cryptococcus ... febrilepodcast #Brain ... Lung #Infections #Concurrent
Concurrent Brain and Lung Lesions
 • Bacteria: Nocardia spp, Strep anginosus, Staph aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae (hypervirulent),
Concurrent Brain ... Mucormycosis, Cryptococcus ... febrilepodcast #Brain ... Lung #Infections #Concurrent
Fungal Biomarkers: Beta-D-Glucan and Aspergillus Galactomannan
Beta-D-Glucan:
 • Polysaccharide cell wall component of many fungi
 • Pathogens:
: Cryptococcus, ... Paecilomyces, Cryptococcus ... - Negative: ... decreased with: concurrent ... Galactomannan #diagnosis #comparison
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
histoplasmosis, cryptococcus ... Syphilis • Pyogenic Abscess ... RingEnhancing #Lesions #Brain
Differentiating NBTE from Infective Endocarditis
No pathognomonic signs/symptoms or echo features that are specific to NBTE, and
Frequent false-negative ... valves • MRI brain ... common, Aortic root abscess ... often seen • MRI brain ... #Endocarditis #comparison
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
• Coagulase-negative ... Aspergillus • Cryptococcus ... suggests perivalvular abscess ... annular or aortic abscess ... Complications: Abscess
Mycoses

HISTOPLASMOSIS
• Inhalation of conidia → Yeast → travel to lymph nodes → spread in body
• Bird
Fluconazole CRYPTOCOCCUS ... level, presence of cryptococcal ... CSF and serum Cryptococcal ... • Sinusitis • Brain ... abscess • Disseminated