26 results
Spondylolysis & Spondylolisthesis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Pars interarticularis stress fracture (spondylolysis) - most frequently in the
S1 => Weakened stability ... hyperextension test ... (Stork test) ... Spondylolisthesis #MSK ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... Dermatomyositis) AKI - Pathophysiology ... Cast formation: ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Management #Summary #causes
Femoral Head Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Posterior hip dislocation -> Impaction force from femoral
Avulsion or shearing injury ... Complications: • Inability ... FemoralHead #Fractures #msk ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology
Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL) Injury: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Classification of PCL Iniuries
 • Partial: Translation <
Ligament (PCL) Injury ... PCL: The PCL is injured ... PosteriorCruciateLigament #PCL #Injury ... #MSK #Sports #pathophysiology ... classification #diagnosis
Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect

This maneuver of intermittent light stimulus is called the alternating light test or
alternating light test ... very sensitive diagnostic ... regarding the cause ... afferent pathway injury ... Neurology #Clinical #Video
Causes of Knee Effusions - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Knee Effusion Red Flags:
1. Fever/Chills/Joint pain/Night sweats/Weight loss
	- DDX:
		-
Causes of Knee Effusions ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Aneurysmal bone cyst ... #differential #diagnosis ... #msk #physicalexam
Leg Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Bone/Joint Causes of Leg Pain:
 • Fracture
 • Arthritis
 • Gout/pseudogout
- Differential Diagnosis ... Repetitive strain injury ... Trauma • Crush injury ... #differential #diagnosis ... lower #extremity #msk
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
- Differential Diagnosis ... sweat Heat Injury ... Collapse: • Pathophysiology ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #stroke
Meralgia paresthetica: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Compression/injury of Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve (LFCN) -> Meralgia paresthetica
 •
Findings Compression/injury ... sensory • Before diagnosis ... Straight Leg Raise Test ... MeralgiaParesthetica #MSK ... #pathophysiology
Humeral Avulsion of the Inferior Glenohumeral Ligament (HAGL)
 • Imaging Findings:
 • Large defect of the
anterior shoulder instability ... Differential diagnosis ... capsuloligamentous injury ... clinical #Radiology #diagnosis ... #msk