15 results
Spondylolysis & Spondylolisthesis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Pars interarticularis stress fracture (spondylolysis) - most frequently in the
S1 => Weakened stability ... hyperextension test ... (Stork test) ... Spondylolisthesis #MSK ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology
Vascular Joint Pain - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 
 - Constant Pain (Ischemia)
 - Acute Onset
 -
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Sickle Cell Anemia ... • Abscess • Cyst ... Vascular #JointPain #MSK ... #Orthopedics #Causes
Shoulder Impingement Syndrome (SIS): Signs and Symptoms

Repetitive Overhead Activity, Scapular Dyskinesis -> Scapulohumeral mechanics become altered
+ Painful arc test ... pain + Hawkin's test ... Syndrome #SIS #diagnosis ... signs #symptoms #msk ... #pathophysiology
Humeral Avulsion of the Inferior Glenohumeral Ligament (HAGL)
 • Imaging Findings:
 • Large defect of the
HAGL) can be a cause ... instability from ... Differential diagnosis ... clinical #Radiology #diagnosis ... #msk
Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Primary (Idiopathic): Unknown etiology, but associated
Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder ... a stroke that caused ... FrozenShoulder #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms ... stages #staging #msk
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
- Differential Diagnosis ... and Pathophysiology ... Hg although PP should ... iron deficiency anemia ... #Pathophysiology
Alexia Without Agraphia
Alexia without agraphia is a disconnection syndrome where patients cannot read but can write.
the most common cause ... Pathophysiology: ... Inability to understand ... clinical #neurology #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology
Hearing Loss - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Hearing Loss Types:
• Conductive
• Sensorineural
• Mixed
Presbycusis is the most common type
- Differential Diagnosis ... The evaluation should ... audiometry • Patients should ... Noise trauma ○ MS ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
- Differential Diagnosis ... laboratory or diagnostic ... tests before beginning ... 30mmHg) - Severe anemia ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
monophasic Pathophysiology ... bouts of HTN Diagnostic ... negative, MOG-IgG test ... should be ordered ... • Infectious causes