11 results
Invasive Candidiasis (IC)

Diagnosis:
Culture:
 • Gold standard, but Slow (~2-3 days), 50% sensitivity
 • Blood Sample
 •
2-3 days), 50% sensitivity ... Conduct antifungal susceptibility ... testing (AFST)
Diagnostic algorithm for the workup of hypercalcemia. The diagnostic workup for patients presenting with hypercalcemia rests
value of 0.0115, sensitivity ... Thus, further testing ... Hypercalcemia #Workup #Differential
Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing Methods
1) Kirby Bauer Disk Diffusion: disks impregnanted w/ Abx → circular gradient →
Antibiotic Susceptibility ... Testing Methods ... #Antibiotic #Sensitivity ... #Susceptibility ... #Testing #laboratory
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
in HIV / AIDS - Differential ... • JC-virus PCR sensitivity ... of serum CrAg testing ... comparable to CSF testing ... CNS #Infections #differential
Bandemia Overview

Normal: < 1%
Clinically significant: > 10%

Band neutrophils are slightly less mature than segmented neutrophils and
Neutrophil (Normal) Differential ... especially in the setting ... WBC count had a sensitivity ... Bandemia had a sensitivity ... #Bandemia #differential
Diagnosis Adrenal Insufficiency - Algorithm

Step 1) Screening Test: 6-8AM Cortisol Level
 - Early morning cortisol levels
for AI (but low sensitivity ... require Cosyntropin testing ... Step 3) Differentiate
1,3-Beta-D-Glucan and Galactomannan Testing Sensitivity Specificity and False Positives
1,3-Beta-D-Glucan
 • Cell wall component of many fungi
Galactomannan Testing ... Sensitivity Specificity ... in BAL does not differentiate ... invasive dz • Sensitivity ... Galactomannan #Fungal #Testing
Fungal Biomarkers: Beta-D-Glucan and Aspergillus Galactomannan
Beta-D-Glucan:
 • Polysaccharide cell wall component of many fungi
 • Pathogens:
dermatidis • Sensitivity ... : Mucorales • Sensitivity ... BAL GM does not differentiate ... disease - Sensitivity ... Frozen ice-pops (in setting
Causes of Primary Amenorrhea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
No onset of menarche by age 16 with secondary
Primary Amenorrhea - Differential ... : • Androgen insensitivity ... Functional (e.g. eating ... Primary #Amenorrhea #Differential
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
sequences improve sensitivity ... Reversible course Differential ... thrombosis Testing