9 results
Graves’ Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
B & T lymphocyte mediated autoimmunity attack TSH receptor -> Continuous
GravesDisease: ... the etiology Signs ... /Symptoms: - Pretibial ... pathophysiology #endocin #endocrinology ... #symptoms #signs
Ascites - Diagnostic Approach and Differential Diagnosis
The most common causes: cirrhosis, malignancy and heart failure. Approx
common causes: cirrhosis ... dullness, puddle sign ... incisional). 3) Signs ... of underlying disease ... Jcortesizaguirr #Ascites #workup
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ... failure PBC Signs ... and Symptoms: ... bile ducts Differential ... cholangitis #diagnosis #workup
Approach to ECGs - Ischemia
MI = Biomarkers + ECG or echo/angiogram findings
Pathologic Q - 1/3 height
Equivalents / Don't Miss Signs ... bigger than QRS - deWinter ... T waves - starts ... triple vessel disease ... Interpretation #differential
Approach to Thyroid Function Tests in the Evaluation of Hyperthyroidism
 • Low TSH, Low normal T4
Hyperthyroidism: Work-up ... Hyperthyroidism → Signs ... ophthalmopathy → Graves ... ' Disease → Confirm ... algorithm #diagnosis #endocrinology
Hyperthyroidism Overview

Clinical Manifestation of Hyperthyroidism:
 • Fatigue
 • Weight loss
 • Heat intolerance
 • Depression, nervousness
' disease) • Thyrotoxicosis ... ' disease is suspected ... causes #diagnosis #differential ... #endocrinology ... #signs #symptoms
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
and Differential ... hypertension and signs ... renal bruit or signs ... Vasculitis • Endocrinologic ... Renal parenchymal disease
Differential Diagnosis and Workup for Male Gynecomastia:
Medications: spironolactone, ketoconazole, finasteride, alcohol, opiates, INH, steroids (testosterone, estrogen),
Differential Diagnosis ... and Workup for ... Hypogonadism: look for signs ... Cirrhosis Renal ... #Differential #
Myasthenic Crisis Checklist - Myasthenia Gravis

Evaluation 
 - Chest X-ray and lung ultrasound (exclude other lung
exclude other lung disease ... Phos), CBC with differential ... - Infectious workup ... or TSH level if symptoms ... monitoring (vital signs