10 results
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
) • Systemic symptoms ... and signs (e.g. ... , fever, myalgia ... brain lesion • CNS ... ) • Temporal arteritis
13 Dangerous Causes of Headache:
 - subarachnoid hemorrhage: family history, PCKD, known berry aneurysm, sudden and
infection: fever ... temporal (giant cell) arteritis ... thrombophilia, neurologic signs ... Fatal #Dangerous #Deadly ... #Differential
Headaches Overview - Primary vs Secondary Headaches

What’s the Core Difference?
 • Primary headache = headache is
symptom of something ... tears, same time daily ... arteritis) • ... N Neurological signs ... confusion, focal signs
Lyme Disease: Early and Late Clinical manifestations
Stage 1. Localized
 • EM appears 7-14 days at the
myalgia, arthralgia, headache ... , fever (not common ... years after • Arthritis ... Disease #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms
Signs and Symptoms Associated With Different Headache Etiologies
 • Nonfocal mental status changes - Meningitis, encephalitis,
Signs and Symptoms ... • Fever - Febrile ... - Temporal arteritis ... #signs #symptoms ... #clues #differential
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
CNS Infections - ... Enteroviruses (e.g ... • Fever • Nuchal ... Acute meningeal signs ... (fever, nuchal
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
purpura: Strong sign ... < 30 years • Aorta ... ): • Aorta and ... 50 years • New headache ... chorioretinitis, CNS
Giant cell arteritis (GCA)

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) definition: Most common systemic inflammatory vasculitis in older adults
those coming off aorta ... systemic sx + signs ... very remarkable w/differential ... claudication, headaches ... GCA #Temporal #Signs
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
weight loss, and fever ... permanent alopecia Differential ... and CNSHeadache ... Induced Lupus: • Symptoms ... , Fever, Serositis
Autoimmune Myositis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Inflammatory Myopathies: Commonly symmetric proximal muscle weakness, no substantial muscle pain
Autoimmune Myositis - Differential ... papules and Gottron sign ... ) • Shawl sign ... Overlap Syndrome: Fever ... • Nonerosive arthritis