12 results
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
) • Systemic symptoms ... and signs (e.g. ... , fever, myalgia ... brain lesion • CNS ... ) • Temporal arteritis
13 Dangerous Causes of Headache:
 - subarachnoid hemorrhage: family history, PCKD, known berry aneurysm, sudden and
infection: fever ... temporal (giant cell) arteritis ... thrombophilia, neurologic ... signs/symptoms ... Dangerous #Deadly #Differential
Lyme Disease: Early and Late Clinical manifestations
Stage 1. Localized
 • EM appears 7-14 days at the
arthralgia, headache, fever ... lymphocytic meningitis, CN ... years after • Arthritis ... Disease #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
skin injury) • Neurologic ... symptoms (headache ... Behcet disease) Differential ... diagnosis #management #signs ... #symptoms #rheumatology
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
purpura: Strong sign ... < 30 years • Aorta ... ): • Aorta and ... • Progressive symptoms ... chorioretinitis, CNS
Giant cell arteritis (GCA)

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) definition: Most common systemic inflammatory vasculitis in older adults
with systemic, neurologic ... those coming off aorta ... systemic sx + signs ... very remarkable w/differential ... GCA #Temporal #Signs
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
CNS Infections - ... Enteroviruses (e.g ... • Headache • Fever ... Acute meningeal signs ... (fever, nuchal
Signs and Symptoms Associated With Different Headache Etiologies
 • Nonfocal mental status changes - Meningitis, encephalitis,
Signs and Symptoms ... coital headache • Fever ... - Temporal arteritis ... #symptoms #clues ... #differential #
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
< 30 years - Aorta ... branches • GCA: - Aorta ... Presentation - Systemic Symptoms ... Vasculitis: • Fevers ... purpura: strong sign
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
weight loss, and fever ... permanent alopecia Differential ... and CNS • Headache ... Induced Lupus: • Symptoms ... , Fever, Serositis