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Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Pleuritic chest ... • CT: Halo sign ... : • Chest pain ... #differential #diagnosis
The PA-film shows a silhouette sign of the left heart border.
Even without looking at the lateral
shows a silhouette sign ... anteriorly in the left lung ... Sterptococcus pneumoniae ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #Pneumonia
Lobar pneumonia
On the chest x-ray there is an ill-defined area of increased density in the right
Lobar pneumonia ... On the chest x-ray ... weight loss or long ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #AirBronchogram
COVID-19 Patterns of Lung Findings on Chest CT
1. Reverse Halo Sign
2. ARDS
3. Crazy-Paving Pattern
4. Bilateral Peripheral
19 Patterns of Lung ... Findings on Chest ... Organizing Pneumonia ... Pulmonary #ChestCT #radiology ... #CTChest #diagnosis
Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia (COP)

Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia Overview:
 • Idiopathic form of organizing pneumonia
 • formerly BOOP
of interstitial lung ... that affects the ... - Imaging: • CXR ... - Diagnosis: ... pulmonary #ILD #diagnosis
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis ... for Klebsiella pneumonia ... 38 degrees • Chills ... Blood cultures • CXR ... early disease) • CXR
Chronic Cough - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red Flags:
 • Fever, night sweats, chills (infection)
 • Weight loss,
- Differential Diagnosis ... night sweats, chills ... Dyspnea (underlying lung ... lymadenopathy, clubbing, chest ... ) • Abnormal CXR
Radiographic Features of Pulmonary Diseases
 - Pneumonia
 - Atelectasis
 - Emphysema
 - Pneumothorax
 - Effusion
 -
Pulmonary Diseases - Pneumonia ... Pulmonary #Diseases #Radiology ... #Patterns #Lung ... #CXR #XRay #ChestCT ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Causes of Hypoxemia- Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Ventilation/perfusion Mismatch
 • Airway Disease (Asthma, COPD)
 • Vascular (PE*)
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Interstitial lung ... Atrial Septal Defect ... Malformation • Severe Pneumonia ... Abnormalities • Chest
Miliary Pattern - Chest Radiology
 • Miliary opacities are scattered, small (1 -4 mm) nodules
 •
Miliary Pattern - Chest ... Radiology • Miliary ... throughout the lungs ... rarely typical pneumonia ... #CXR #clinical