12 results
Feedback Loop: Growth Hormone (GH)
Growth Hormone:
 • Liver -> GHR activates JAK-STAT pathway -> Incr IGF1
activates lipolysis Signs ... /Symptoms: • GH ... deficiency: ... #FeedbackLoop #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Growth Hormone Excess - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Acromegaly and gigantism share the same pathophysiology
share the same pathophysiology ... GH excess prior ... Overproduction #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Acromegaly - Diagnosis and Management Summary - GrepMed Handbook 

Clinical Presentation: 
 • Classic Acromegaly: frontal
malignancy Pathophysiology ... anabolic effects ... Differential Diagnosis ... Diagnosis #Management #Endocrinology ... #Treatment #Pathophysiology
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia - 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency - Signs and Symptoms
 • Brain: Androgenization effects, Glucocorticoid effects,
21-Hydroxylase Deficiency ... - Signs and Symptoms ... #Hydroxylase #Deficiency ... #Signs #Symptoms ... #diagnosis #endocrinology
Clinically Important Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency States
Fat-soluble Vitamins: 
 • Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia, night blindness,
Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency ... Anaemia, neural tube defects ... #differential # ... diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #nutrition
Hypothyroid Myopathy
Very common (up to 80% ) in patients with hypothyroidism
Pathophysiology:
 • T4 deficiency leads to
hypothyroidism Pathophysiology ... : • T4 deficiency ... Hypothyroid #Myopathy #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #endocrinology
Pituitary Mass Effects - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Pituitary turnors are almost always a benign
Pituitary Mass Effects ... following order; GH ... Signs / Symptoms ... #SideEffects #endocrinology ... mnemonic #GLFTAP #pathophysiology
21-Hydroxylase Deficiency (21-OHD): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Autosomal recessive mutation in CYP21A2 coding for the enzyme 21-OHase
21-Hydroxylase Deficiency ... amount of enzyme deficiency ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... #21HydroxylaseDeficiency #21OHD #pathophysiology ... #genetics #endocrinology
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Inflammatory Disease: (i.e. GCA, SLE, GPA) ->
arrhythmias, congenital defects ... , ATIII deficiency ... Occlusion #CRAO #pathophysiology ... ophthalmology #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms
Features of a Sickle Cell Crisis 
Sickle-cell disease - an autosomal recessive blood disorder.
Characterized by red
almost exclusively affects ... The underlying pathophysiology ... co-existent G6PD deficiency ... Crisis #Features #Signs ... #Symptoms