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Pleural effusion is not always visible as a meniscus in the costophrenic angle. 
A subpulmonic effusion
the only way to detect ... a patient with signs ... of CHF. ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #CHF #Pleural
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
More Specific Signs ... Chest x-ray: signs ... bilateral pleural effusions ... → no signs of CXR ... diagnosis #management #cardiology
Stage I - Redistribution
In a normal chest film with the patient standing erect, the pulmonary vessels
practice many chest ... In these cases comparison ... during a period of CHF ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #CHF #Cephalization
Pleural effusion is bilateral in 70% of cases of CHF.
When unilateral, it is slightly more often
Pleural effusion ... 70% of cases of CHF ... seen on a supine chest ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #CHF #Pleural
On the left a patient with CHF. 
There is an increase in heart size compared to
Other signs of CHF ... that helpful, but comparison ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #CHF #Exacerbation ... #Comparison #RadiologyAssistant
Increased pulmonary venous pressure is related to the pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) and can be
features on the chest ... logical sequence of signs ... #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #CHF #CXR #Stages ... #Findings #Signs
Fluid Responsiveness and Fluid Tolerance Testing - OnePager Summary
Fluid resuscitation can be beneficial when required or
end of diastole (reflects ... blood flow in the chest ... precede other signs ... response to the rapid infusion ... #criticalcare #comparison
Dilation of the azygos vein is a sign of increased right atrial pressure and is usually
azygos vein is a sign ... increase of 3 mm in comparison ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #CHF #Azygous
Stage III - Alveolar edema
This stage is characterized by continued fluid leakage into the interstitium, which
space (pleural effusion ... The following signs ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #CHF #Alveolar