15 results
Spondylolysis & Spondylolisthesis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Pars interarticularis stress fracture (spondylolysis) - most frequently in the
— scotty dog sign ... vertebrae • CT ... Spondylolisthesis #MSK #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
 -
cases Clinical Signs ... years - May have signs ... decreased reflexes Pathophysiology ... tissue damage - CXR ... involvement - CT
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
More Specific Signs ... Less Specific Signs ... Chest x-ray: signs ... → no signs of CXR ... coronary artery disease
In order to better classify heart failure, the American College of Cardiology Foundation and the American
structural heart disease ... or signs of heart ... patients with a diagnosis ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology ... #CHF #Congestive
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA): Extra-articular manifestations
Skin: 
 • Inflammation of skin (esp. over areas of stress) forms
pleural effusion on CXR ... interstitial lung disease ... RheumatoidArthritis #RA #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #diagnosis #ExtraArticular
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Inflammatory Disease: (i.e. GCA, SLE, GPA) ->
• Inflammatory Disease ... arrhythmias, congenital defects ... Occlusion #CRAO #pathophysiology ... ophthalmology #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA): Pathogenesis and Joint diseases features
 • RA affects 1% of population, women >
Pathogenesis and Joint diseases ... Extra-articular signs ... RheumatoidArthritis #RA #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #diagnosis
Increased pulmonary venous pressure is related to the pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) and can be
logical sequence of signs ... , mitral valve disease ... #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #CHF #CXR #Stages ... #Findings #Signs
Chagas Disease - American Trypanosomiasis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis) is an infectious
Trypanosomiasis - Diagnosis ... Romana's sign ... Indeterminate form (No signs ... /symptoms, positive ... cardiomyopathy (→HF
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
- Differential Diagnosis ... Presentation: Systemic Symptoms ... purpura: Strong sign ... claudication, pulse deficits ... • Progressive symptoms