12 results
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
similar to PML, but MRI ... Diagnosis: MRI ... Clinical Presentation ... : The clinical ... Treatment: • HAART
Humeral Avulsion of the Inferior Glenohumeral Ligament (HAGL)
 • Imaging Findings:
 • Large defect of the
Findings: • Large defect ... Differential diagnosis ... GAGL): "Reverse J sign ... #mri #clinical ... #Radiology #diagnosis
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
Weakness - Differential ... disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary ... Lack of UMN/LMN signs ... parainfluenza, Coxsackie, HIV ... EMG) studies • MRI
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
demyelinating lesions ... Afferent pupillary defect ... resonance imaging [MRI ... stimulation Clinical ... • Acute: - IV
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
Transverse Myelitis - Clinical ... • Bilateral signs ... simplex virus, HIV ... Transverse Myelitis Treatment ... management #neurology #differential
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
Vasculitis - Differential ... Vasculitis Differential ... purpura: Strong sign ... claudication, pulse deficits ... oligoclonal bands • MRI
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
/ AIDS - Differential ... should be based on clinical ... Antimicrobial treatment ... Imaging: - MRI ... Symptoms: AMS, motor deficits
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
affecting the Brain ... diagnosis and treatment ... pachymeningitis • HIV ... neuropathy (LHON) plus MRI ... lesions and clinical
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
and/or bulbar region ... MRI: Brain, cervical ... conditions listed in differential ... diagnosis column Treatment ... motor neurons - IV
Subchondral Insufficiency Fracture
Imaging Findings:
 • Circle demarcating the region of edema within the medial femoral condyle.
Osteonecrosis of the Knee ... favored because lesion ... Differential diagnosis ... Osteochondral defect ... #mri #clinical