13 results
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
- Differential ... history of cancer, HIV ... • Neurological deficits ... Space-occupying brain lesion ... • CNS infection
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
Weakness - Differential ... disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary ... Lack of UMN/LMN signs ... parainfluenza, Coxsackie, HIV ... EMG) studies • MRI
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
HIV / AIDS - Differential ... Antimicrobial treatment ... Imaging: - MRI ... Symptoms: AMS, motor deficits ... #differential #
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
that results in CNS ... • Bilateral signs ... simplex virus, HIV ... Treatment: • ... management #neurology #differential
Signs and Symptoms Associated With Different Headache Etiologies
 • Nonfocal mental status changes - Meningitis, encephalitis,
Signs and Symptoms ... (CN Ill, IV, and ... VI) - Mass lesion ... #signs #symptoms ... #clues #differential
Neurological Manifestations of Tuberculosis
Spinal Arachnoiditis & Polyradiculopathy:
 • Subacute onset of limb weakness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, muscle
ring-enhanced lesion ... (IRIS): • In HIV ... • Papilledema, headache ... or abruptly • CN ... Tuberculosis #diagnosis #differential
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
neuritis • Partial myelitis ... Afferent pupillary defect ... resonance imaging [MRI ... Multiple Sclerosis Treatment ... • Acute: - IV
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
purpura: Strong sign ... claudication, pulse deficits ... 50 years • New headache ... oligoclonal bands • MRI ... chorioretinitis, CNS
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
- Differential ... • CT: Halo sign ... Lymphadenopathy, CNS ... #AIDS #pulmonary ... #differential #
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
equina syndrome (CES ... cord infarct • HIV ... • Transverse myelitis ... Imaging studies: • MRI ... axial T1 and T2 Treatment