16 results
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
history of cancer, HIV ... • Neurological deficits ... Space-occupying brain lesion ... • CNS infection ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #neurology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
HIV / AIDS - Differential ... Antimicrobial treatment ... Imaging: - MRI ... Symptoms: AMS, motor deficits ... #differential #
Neurological Manifestations of Tuberculosis
Spinal Arachnoiditis & Polyradiculopathy:
 • Subacute onset of limb weakness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, muscle
ring-enhanced lesion ... (IRIS): • In HIV ... or abruptly • CN ... Tuberculosis #diagnosis #differential ... #TB #neurology
Signs and Symptoms Associated With Different Headache Etiologies
 • Nonfocal mental status changes - Meningitis, encephalitis,
Signs and Symptoms ... (CN Ill, IV, and ... VI) - Mass lesion ... #signs #symptoms ... #clues #differential
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
the CNS in the ... similar to PML, but MRI ... Diagnosis: MRI ... Treatment: • HAART ... dementia #AIDS #Neurology
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary ... etc) • CNS -> ... Lack of UMN/LMN signs ... EMG) studies • MRI ... #Diagnosis #neurology
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
skin injury) • Neurologic ... symptoms (headache ... Behcet disease) Differential ... Arthritis, AS Treatment ... diagnosis #management #signs
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
purpura: Strong sign ... 50 years • New headache ... the skin, neurologic ... oligoclonal bands • MRI ... chorioretinitis, CNS
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
demyelinating lesions ... Afferent pupillary defect ... resonance imaging [MRI ... • Acute: - IV ... #treatment #MS
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
- Differential ... • CT: Halo sign ... Lymphadenopathy, CNS ... #AIDS #pulmonary ... #differential #