12 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Ureterosigmoidostomy Urinary ... Catecholamines - Alkalosis ... Diagnosis #Low #Potassium ... #Table #Classification ... #Causes
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis
Chloride depletion syndromes
 • Gastrointestinal losses
    -
Alkalosis - Differential ... syndromes • Primary ... dehydrogenase type ... depletion (serum potassium ... #Metabolic #Alkalosis
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... either secondary or primary ... tubular acidosis (type ... Gitelman's syndrome • Primary ... #potassium
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... treated with IV potassium ... wasting from other causes ... ↑ Aldosterone: Primary ... - Metabolic Alkalosis
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... > 20 meq/L • Primary ... syndrome (11-ß HSD type ... tubule reabsorptive defect ... other • Severe potassium
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
- Urinary Chloride ... Algorithm Cl- ... the indicated causes ... of sodium and potassium ... #urine #Algorithm
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
inhibitors - Primary ... - Genetic defects ... Low #Magnesium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Antiarrhythmics - Vaughan Williams Classification:
CLASS 1 - Sodium Channel Blockers:
 • MOA: Block fast Na+ channels
Vaughan Williams Classification ... channel blocking effects ... repolarization CLASS 3 - Potassium ... Block K+ channels (primarily ... #Classes #pathophysiology
Antiarrhythmics Pharmacology Summary
Cardiac Conduction Phases:
Phase 0 - Ventricular Depolarization:
 • Na+ channels open leading to a
Vaughan Williams Classification ... channel blocking effects ... repolarization CLASS 3 - Potassium ... Block K+ channels (primarily ... #Pharmacology #Classification
Causes of Hyperkalemia
l. Pseudohyperkalemia
  A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis
  B.
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Hereditary defects ... Primary adrenal ... Diagnosis #High #Potassium ... #Classification