Diagnosis peds syndrome table neurology nephrology classification management types causes diabetes magnesium hypomagnesemia diseases hypokalemia

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Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake
- Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)

- Uncontrolled diabetes ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Low #Magnesium ... #Table #Classification ... #Causes #Workup

Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K

Causes of Hypokalemia ... Renal K loss • Hypomagnesemia-induced ... tubular acidosis (type ... Ureterosigmoidostomy, Diabetic ... #nephrology #potassium

Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
- Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus

Classification of ... uropathy, Metabolic causes ... (e.g., hypokalemia ... #Types #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential

Causes of Hypomagnesemia
• Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,

Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... Correction of diabetic ... Tubulointerstitial renal disease ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #magnesium #low

Hypermagnesemia - Diagnosis and Management

Hypermagnesemia is a serum magnesium concentration > 2.6 mg/dL.
Symptoms include hyporeflexia, hypotension,

Management Hypermagnesemia ... mortality in ICU Causes ... and neonates), Diabetic ... #Diagnosis #Management ... #magnesium #nephrology

Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome

, mild hypomagnesemia ... • Autoimmune disease ... • Potassium • Magnesium ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #management #pathophysiology

Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
• Lab error
• Traumatic venipuncture
• Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
•

- Tumor lysis syndrome ... (Uncontrolled diabetes ... • Addison’s disease ... #causes #potassium ... #high #nephrology

Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
• Trauma:
- Immobilization
- Crush injury
- Compartment

- Differential Diagnosis ... Summary Causes ... of underlying disease ... #Management #causes ... #treatment #nephrology

Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
• Glaucoma
• Epilepsy
• Altitude

• Diagnosis of ... irrigation • Management ... Kidney stones caused ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Medications #Table

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