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The fourth pattern includes abnormalities that result in decreased lung attenuation or air-filled lesions.
These include:
- Emphysema
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- Lung cysts (LAM ... on the basis of HRCT ... #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #Pulmonary #CTChest ... #SignetRing #RadiologyAssistant
Low Attenuation pattern 
1. Lymphangiomyomatosis (LAM): uniform cysts in woman of child-bearing age; no history of
Lymphangiomyomatosis (LAM ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #HRCT #CTChest ... #Comparison #Table ... #RadiologyAssistant
Low Attenuation pattern (2) 
1. Centrilobular emphysema: low attenuation areas without walls. Notice the centrilobular artery
Centrilobular emphysema ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #HRCT #CTChest ... #Comparison #Table ... #RadiologyAssistant
Differential diagnosis on HRCT
Most of our knowledge about imaging findings in interstitial lung disease comes from
Differential diagnosis ... , high and low attenuation ... #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #Pulmonary #CXR ... #Differential #RadiologyAssistant
There is a hydropneumothorax.
Notice the air-fluid level (blue arrow).
The upper lobe is still attached to the
is a possible diagnosis ... LAM is a rare lung ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #Pneumothorax ... #RadiologyAssistant
UIP
UIP is a histologic pattern of pulmonary fibrosis.
On a chest X-ray UIP manifests as a reticular
of pulmonary fibrosis ... On a chest X-ray ... to confirm the diagnosis ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #Honeycombing #RadiologyAssistant
There is a hydropneumothorax.
Notice the air-fluid level.
The upper lobe is still attached to the chest wall
is a possible diagnosis ... LAM is a rare lung ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #Pneumothorax ... #RadiologyAssistant
On the left a smoker with RB-ILD with subtle HRCT-findings.
The dominant pattern is ground glass opacification.
Additional
The dominant pattern ... are paraseptal emphysema ... these non-specific CT ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CTChest #RBILD
It can be difficult to distinguish these three entities.
There are two diagnostic hints for further differentiation:
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There are two diagnostic ... penicillamine) #Clinical ... #Radiology #CTChest ... #Attenuation #Comparison ... #RadiologyAssistant