16 results
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... and Workup Step ... • nephrotic syndrome ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Causes of Pediatric Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Infantile:
 • Benign Focal Epilepsy of Infancy
 • West
Infancy • West Syndrome ... • Dravet Syndrome ... Hypocalcemia • Hyponatremia ... Structural: • Head Injury ... Algorithm #Causes #Peds
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis Workup ... Hypervolemic: Conn syndrome ... , Cushing syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Causes of Provoked Pediatric Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - "DIMS" Mnemonic
Drugs:
 • Drug overdose
 •
Hypocalcemia • Hyponatremia ... Structural: • Head Injury ... • Sturge-Weber Syndrome ... Algorithm #Causes #Peds
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... - AKI Workup Algorithm ... Abdominal compartment syndrome ... • Cardio-renal syndrome ... Acute #Kidney #Injury
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
vasoconstriction syndrome ... Traumatic brain injury ... Hyperglycemia, Hyponatremia ... Algorithm #Causes #neurology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Hyponatremia - Differential ... cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome ... , CNS Disease, Meds ... UnremarkableLab #Hyponatremia ... Algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
Acute Kidney Injury ... a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome ... a.k.a. hepatorenal syndrome ... causes: sepsis, meds ... Acute #Kidney #Injury
Causes of Neuromuscular Weakness
 • Spinal Cord: Demyelinating Disease (MS), Epidural abscess, Infarction, Syringomyelia, Tetanus, Transverse
Guillain-Barre syndrome ... Phrenic nerve injury ... Lambert Eaton Syndrome ... Shellfish poisoning, Meds ... differential #diagnosis #neurology
Causes of Sudden Unexpected Death in Infancy (SUDI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Congenital Anomaly / Disorder:
 •
Arrhythmia • Neurologic ... Gastrointestinal infection Injury ... Sudden Infant Death Syndrome ... Algorithm #Causes #Peds