12 results
Causes of Hypoxemia- Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Ventilation/perfusion Mismatch
 • Airway Disease (Asthma, COPD)
 • Vascular (PE*)
 •
Causes of Hypoxemia ... • Interstitial lung ... Malformation • Severe Pneumonia ... Abnormalities #Hypoxemia ... #Hypoxia #Differential
Acute Hypoxemia - Differential Diagnosis
 • Hyperacute: Aspiration, Flash Pulmonary Edema, Mucous Plugging, Bronchospasm, Pulmonary Embolism,
Acute Hypoxemia ... Focal Alveolar: Pneumonia ... : ILD, pHTN, Advanced ... Sophia_Hayes_MD #Hypoxemia ... #hypoxia #Differential
Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure - Differential Diagnosis Framework
DECREASED INSPIRED OXYGEN
 • Low PATM Can decrease first part
- Differential Diagnosis ... direction leads to hypoxemia ... • Causes: Pneumonia ... Respiratory #Failure #hypoxia ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
Atelectasis, ARDS, Pneumonia ... Embolism, Obstructive Lung ... , Interstitial Lung ... #Hypoxia #hypoxemia ... #differential #diagnosis
COVID-19 Findings on Lung ultrasound
 - Thickened pleural line
 - B lines (multifocal, discrete, or confluent)
COVID-19 Findings ... on Lung ultrasound ... consolidation - Pleural effusion ... patients with pulmonary ... #POCUS #Diagnosis
Pneumonia on POCUS

Otherwise healthy 12mo-old w/ fever. Linear & phased array viewing the lung (subpleural &
Pneumonia on POCUS ... Otherwise healthy 12mo-old ... array viewing the lung ... >1cm, supports diagnosis ... no significant hypoxia
CT and ultrasonographic features of COVID-19 pneumonia
Lung CT:
 - Thickened pleura
 - Ground glass shadow and
ultrasonographic features of COVID ... -19 pneumonia Lung ... - Pulmonary infiltrating ... #pneumonia #ChestCT ... #Ultrasound #POCUS
Berlin Criteria for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) 
- Respiratory symptoms must have begun within one
explained by pleural effusions ... lobar collapse, lung ... severity of the hypoxemia ... the ARDS: - Mild ... Definition #Criteria #Diagnosis
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
usually: - hypoxemia ... patient with shock/hypoxemia ... hypoperfusion/ hypoxemia ... output - Acute pulmonary ... Oxygen Content: - Hypoxemia
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
(AG) = {Na - (Cl ... , pain, fever, hypoxia ... Classically” noted with pulmonary ... with associated hypoxia ... or restrictive lung