8 results
Causes of Hypoxemia- Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Ventilation/perfusion Mismatch
 • Airway Disease (Asthma, COPD)
 • Vascular (PE*)
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... Limitation • Interstitial ... lung disease ... Malformation • Severe Pneumonia ... Abnormalities • Chest
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
Weakness, Loss of Chest ... Atelectasis, ARDS, Pneumonia ... Lung Disease ... #Hypoxia #hypoxemia ... #differential #diagnosis
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
- Differential Diagnosis ... : • PVL virulence ... fever, rales, interstitial ... Infections #HIV #AIDS #pulmonary ... #differential #diagnosis
COVID-19 Findings on Lung ultrasound
 - Thickened pleural line
 - B lines (multifocal, discrete, or confluent)
COVID-19 Findings ... on Lung ultrasound ... infection; alveolar interstitial ... patients with pulmonary ... #POCUS #Diagnosis
Pulmonary Infections in HIV-AIDS
Bacterial: 
 • No organism identified, Strep pneumoniae, H. influenzae, S.aureus, Streptococcus Grp
Pulmonary Infections ... failure, COPD, Lung ... Lymphocytic or lymphoid interstitial ... /- High res CT chest ... HIVAIDS #workup #diagnosis
CT and ultrasonographic features of COVID-19 pneumonia
Lung CT:
 - Thickened pleura
 - Ground glass shadow and
-19 pneumonia Lung ... and effusion - Pulmonary ... infection; alveolar interstitial ... #pneumonia #ChestCT ... #Ultrasound #POCUS
Amiodarone Induced Lung Toxicity Summary

Who?
• 5% of patients
• Dose ≥ 400 mg per day

How?  Possible
Amiodarone Induced Lung ... Direct cytotoxic lung ... Pleuritic chest ... Exclusion of other ILDs ... reticular opacities on chest
Bronchoalveolar Lavage (BAL) on Bronchoscopy 
BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE is a technique used in bronchoscopy for several diagnostic
concern (guided by chest ... — Infection — Diagnosing ... — Eosinophilic Pneumonia ... often not helpful) Interstitial ... ILDs) — and even