32 results
Unmeasured Anions Associated with an Elevated Anion Gap and Metabolic Acidosis

#Unmeasured #Anions #Gap #Metabolic #Acidosis #Diagnosis
and Metabolic Acidosis ... Gap #Metabolic #Acidosis ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology ... #Table #Differential ... #Causes
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Dyspnea - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Pericardial • Effusion ... • Metabolic Acidosis ... #Causes
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
Gap Metabolic Acidosis ... Diagnosis - GOLDMARK ... anti-freeze, varnish, etc ... salicylate toxicity causes ... #mnemonic #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential ... Algorithm Acidosis ... #Algorithm #Diagnosis ... #Causes #Workup ... #Nephrology
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
(NAGMA) - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... and Workup NAGMA ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #nephrology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Differentials? ... Diagnosis: Causes ... - Rapid saline infusion ... Interpretation #Diagnosis ... #Summary #Nephrology
Hypermagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism
Renal Failure 
Excessive Mg Administration 
 - Massive PO intake
(e.g. eclampsia ... Hypermagnesemia #Differential ... #Diagnosis #High ... #Magnesium #Table ... #Causes #Management
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - Causes ... polyneuropathy (e.g ... #differential # ... diagnosis #table ... #neurology
Hyperkalemia shortens repolarization; changes in the T wave provide the earliest clues to hyperpotassemia.
 - At
prolonged PR and QT ... sine wave (QRS-T fusion ... #Diagnosis #Hyperkalemia ... #EKG #ECG #Changes ... #Progression #Table
Acute and Chronic Causes of Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis
Pulmonary/Chest Wall:
 • Acute: Trauma, COPD exacerbation, Asthma
Acute and Chronic Causes ... of Dyspnea - Differential ... Diagnosis Pulmonary ... Chronic: Metabolic acidosis ... Diagnosis