209 results
Hypercalcemia - EKG Findings
Causes of Hypercalcemia 
• Malignancy 
• Milk-alkali syndrome 
• Vitamin D toxicity 
•
Findings Causes ... • Milk-alkali syndrome ... #ECG #Electrocardiogram ... #Differential # ... Causes #Diagnosis
Initial Clinical and Laboratory Data Base for Defining Major Syndromes in Nephrology

#Major #Syndromes #Nephrology #Diagnosis #Workup
Defining Major Syndromes ... Nephrology #Major #Syndromes ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis ... #Workup #Differential ... #Table
Hypermagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism
Renal Failure 
Excessive Mg Administration 
 - Massive PO intake
- Tumor lysis syndrome ... Hypermagnesemia #Differential ... #Diagnosis #High ... #Magnesium #Table ... #Causes #Management
Causes of Erythema Nodosum - Mnemonic

NO cause found in 60% of cases
Drugs (antibiotics e.g., sulfonamides, amoxicillin)
Oral
Drugs (antibiotics e.g ... Sarcoidosis or Lofgren's syndrome ... Nodosum #Mnemonic #Causes ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Dermatology
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
polyneuropathy (e.g ... Guillain-Barré syndrome ... Hyperthyroidism, Serotonin syndrome ... #differential # ... diagnosis #table
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis
Chloride depletion syndromes
 • Gastrointestinal losses
    -
Alkalosis - Differential ... Diagnosis Chloride ... Chloruretic drugs (eg ... Metabolic #Alkalosis #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Causes
Multiple masses
The differential diagnostic list of multiple masses is very long.
The most important diagnoses are listed
The differential ... diagnostic list ... most important diagnoses ... listed in the table ... #Management #Radiology
Myocarditis - Diagnosis and Causes
 • Clinical presentation: Pseudo-acute coronary syndrome, Cardiac failure <3 rnonths, Cardiogenic
Pseudo-acute coronary syndrome ... Recent flu-like syndrome ... Paraclinical assessment: EKG ... #Myocarditis #differential ... #Diagnosis #Causes
Proposed Algorithm for Diagnosing Sarcoidosis
Highly suggestive Clinicoradiological Findings → Clinical diagnosis (without biopsy) e.g. Löfgren's syndrome
Suggestive
without biopsy) e.g ... Löfgren's syndrome ... and/or cytology (e.g ... of alternative causes ... #Workup
Causes of Excessive Daytime Sleepiness - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Insufficient Sleep
 • Poor Sleep Hygiene
 • Insomnia
Causes of Excessive ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Shift Work) Sleep ... Restless Legs Syndrome ... #Causes