15 results
Common Etiologies of Cirrhosis

Inflammation

 - Hepatitis B (15 percent)

 - Hepatitis C (47 percent)

 - Schistosomiasis
Inflammation - Hepatitis ... Nonalcoholic fatty liver ... heart failure (chronic ... #Diagnosis #Differential ... #Hepatology #Cirrhosis
Ascites - Differential Diagnosis
Chronic liver disease (cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis) - 80%
Underlying malignancy - 10%
Congestive heart
Diagnosis Chronic ... liver disease ( ... cirrhosis or chronic ... hepatitis) - 80% ... #Diagnosis #hepatology
Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure (ACLF) Clinical Guidelines

ACLF = possibly reversible condition in those with CLD (± cirrhosis)
Acute-on-Chronic ... ACLF) Clinical Guidelines ... those with CLD (± cirrhosis ... disease, liver ... #Cirrhosis #Hepatology
Hepatitis B Disease Progression Timeline
 • > 90% of infected children progress to chronic disease (<5%
Hepatitis B Disease ... individuals develop Liver ... Cancer (HCC) • ... #HepatitisB #Disease ... Timeline #Prognosis #hepatology
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
- Differential ... • NASH, Chronic ... < 1 • Cirrhosis ... injury: > 3 • Chronic ... #differential #
Autoantibodies and their Disease Associations
ANA - Non-specific; common in SLE, autoimmune hepatitis
Anti-CCP, Rheumatoid factor - RA
Anti-dsDNA
SLE, autoimmune hepatitis ... Dermatomyositis Anti-LKM (liver ... Primary biliary cirrhosis ... (PBC) Anticentromere ... Endomyseal antibody (EMA
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
/Liver failure ... or higher • Liver ... bile ducts Differential ... Diagnosis: • Viral hepatitis ... diagnosis #workup #hepatology
Elevated Liver Enzymes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Severe ALT > 15x ULN
 • Viral
 • Drugs/Toxins
 •
Elevated Liver Enzymes ... - Differential ... • Cholestatic disease ... • Alcoholic hepatitis ... Infiltrative • Cirrhosis
Portal Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis
Portal Pressure = the pressure difference between the pressure in the portal
Hypertension - Differential ... >10 mmHg - clinically ... /acute hepatitis ... sarcoidosis) • Liver ... Veno-occlusive disease
Liver Chemistries - Interpretation of LFTs

R-value: Serum (ALT/ULN ALT) / (Alk phos/ULN ALP)
 • R >
Interpretation of LFTs R-value ... disease: > 2 ... • NASH, Chronic ... < 1 • Cirrhosis ... chemistry #diagnosis #differential