9 results
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Syndrome (CAS): ... • Symptoms of anemia ... anemia • Cold ... younger pts) Differential ... #anemia #hematology
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

1) Environment
  - Fragmentation
  - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
HELLP - Grafts, Valves ... Drug-associated, PCH ... , Evans Syndrome ... Defects: Sickle cell anemia ... #Diagnosis #hematology
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Diagnostic Framework ... . primary cold agglutin ... Extravascular #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #hematology ... #anemia
Paraproteinemias

Entities That Can Feature A Monoclonal Protein/M Component:
• MM
• WM
• MGUS
• MGCS
• MGRS
• Splenic Marginal Zone
• Heavy Chain disease ... (-) hemolytic anemia ... Paraproteinemias #Hematology ... #Monoclonal #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Oncology
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
permanent alopecia Differential ... Diagnosis: • ANCA-associated ... Antiribosomal P, APLA, PAC ... lymphopenia, low PLT • Anemia ... Erythematosus #Diagnosis
Palpitations - Differential Diagnosis Framework

What?
• It is an unpleasant awareness or sensation that the heart is
Palpitations - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... Hyperthyroidism • Anemia ... palpitations: PVC ... #Differential #
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
Lactic Acidosis - Differential ... to bolus these values ... presentations and disease ... - Compartment syndrome ... 30mmHg) - Severe anemia
Elevated Globulin - Protein Gap (Total Protein - Albumin > 4)

Work-up of an Elevated Globulin Gap:
•
changes (POEMS syndrome ... gastric tumors • Hematology ... Thalassemia, Sickle cell anemia ... Gap #ProteinGap #differential ... #diagnosis #hematology
Autoimmune Myositis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Inflammatory Myopathies: Commonly symmetric proximal muscle weakness, no substantial muscle pain
Autoimmune Myositis - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... Aldolase levels • EMG ... : • PBC, autoimmune ... #differential #