16 results
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
(e.g. oculomotor ... AQP4-lgG disease; e.g ... Manifestations #diagnosis ... #neurology #symptoms ... #signs
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Signs and symptoms ... Radiographic findings (eg ... criteria for MS ... Laboratory findings (eg ... VEP’s: EEG of visual
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
and Differential Diagnosis ... risk factors (eg ... hypertension (eg ... hypertension (eg ... renal bruit or signs
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
high WBC count cause ... Dehydration • Symptoms ... WBC >100k, + lab signs ... unless worrisome EKG ... #TLS #diagnosis
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis ... at the time of diagnosis ... (e.g. incidental ... Self-limiting, chronic but stable ... #Management #Signs
Borderline Personality Disorder: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Behavioral Traits:
 • Unstable Relationships - Alternating extremes of idealization
reactivity of mood (eg ... the above with symptoms ... PersonalityDisorder #Diagnosis ... #Psychiatry #Criteria ... #Signs #Symptoms
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
- Causes progressive ... fasciculations Common Symptoms ... : months - Criteria ... : El Escorial criteria ... EMG: LMN Signs in
Cushing's Syndrome - Hypercortisolism - Diagnosis and Clinical Features
1) Skin
 • Thin, easily bruisable skin with
Cushing's Syndrome ... Hypercortisolism - Diagnosis ... exposed tothe sun (e.g ... gluconeogenesis enzymes (e.g ... #signs #symptoms
Palpitations - Differential Diagnosis Framework

What?
• It is an unpleasant awareness or sensation that the heart is
- Differential Diagnosis ... exam • 12-lead ECG ... Valvular disease (e.g ... Hyperthyroidism • Anemia Psychiatric ... AVNRT Red Flag Symptoms
Emergent Causes of Headache and Associated Risk Factors
Carbon monoxide poisoning
 - Breathing in enclosed or confined
Emergent Causes ... carbon monoxide (eg ... living conditions (eg ... vascular diseases (eg ... #emergency #diagnosis