Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to severe, Colour desaturation, Scotoma, Ocular pain/pain upon eye movement • Cerebral involvement: Intractable nausea, vomiting or hiccups (mainly AQP4-lgG disease), Other brainstem syndromes (e.g. oculomotor disturbances, facial numbness), Encephalopathy with seizures (mainly MOG-lgG disease), Hypothalamic or thalamic syndromes (AQP4-lgG disease; e.g. narcolepsy, SIADH), Many others • Transverse myelitis: Motor and sensory deficits ranging from paresthesia to paresis, Bladder, and/or erectile dysfunction, Neuropathic pain • Extra-CNS complications (AQP4-positive NMO only): Myositis, Comorbid autoimmune disorders (Systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjögren syndrome, Myasthenia gravis, Many others) doi: 10.1038/s41572-020-0214-9 #Neuromyelitis #Optica #NMO #Manifestations #diagnosis #neurology #symptoms #signs
