47 results
Signs of Graves disease: 
• Goiter 
• Periorbital edema 
• Non-pitting edema causing hyperpigmented plaques 
•
Signs of Graves ... • Periorbital edema ... • Non-pitting edema ... #Clinical #Photo ... #Diagnosis
Central Retinal Vein Occlusion (CRVO): Pathogenesis and clinical findings

#CentralRetinalVein #Occlusion #CRVO #pathophysiology #ophthalmology #diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Occlusion #CRVO #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Purple Urine Bag Syndrome
Chronic, indwelling catheter + bacteriuria (Providencia, Klebsiella, E.coli*) + alkaline urine
Tryptophan → Indoxyl
Bag Syndrome Chronic ... Syndrome #PUBS #pathophysiology ... #clinical #photo ... #differential #diagnosis
Chronic Vision Loss by Anatomic Location - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cornea:
 • Keratoconus
 • Stromal Scaring
 •
Chronic Vision Loss ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Craniopharyngioma #Chronic ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Algorithm #Causes #Ophthalmology
Orbital Cellulitis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Definitions:
a. Chemosis: Edema of the bulbar conjunctiva
b. Panopthalmitis: inflammation of all
Chemosis: Edema ... and periorbital edema ... Orbital #Cellulitis #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
Chronic Hypertensive ... hemorrhage and disc edema ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis and risk factors

 • Age > 30 (post-peak bone mass)
 • Post-menopausal women ->
- IBD • Chronic ... #Osteoporosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #diagnosis
Diffuse consolidation
The most common cause of diffuse consolidation is pulmonary edema due to heart failure.
This is
called cardiogenic edema ... non-cardiogenic edema ... Look for other signs ... heart due to a chronic ... #Diagnosis #Radiology
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
rales, peripheral edema ... *Chronic HFrEF may ... un lymphatic Diagnostic ... lines, alveolar edema ... #heartfailure #diagnosis
Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return (TAPVR)
 • Introduction
 • Classification
 • Pathophysiology of TAPVR
 • Presentation
Classification • Pathophysiology ... PVO Present • Diagnosis ... Classic “snowman sign ... Return #TAPVR #diagnosis ... management #cardiology #peds