13 results
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... and Workup Step ... Repeat the sodium ... liver failure • nephrotic ... #Diagnosis #Workup
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
failure, Cirrhosis, Nephrotic ... Cerebral salt wasting ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #nephrology
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Acid → renal salt wasting ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium #low #uricacid
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Cerebral salt wasting ... Hypothyroidism, Low ... failure, Cirrhosis, Nephrotic ... #algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #low #nephrology
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Diabetes Insipidus Workup ... & desmopressin test ... Management #Algorithm #Sodium ... #nephrology #insipidus
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... • Euvolemic (Low ... #Workup #Algorithm ... #nephrology #sodium
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
can be high or low ... Cerebral Salt Wasting ... failure, Cirrhosis, Nephrotic ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Liver Cirrhosis, Nephrotic ... Differential #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #causes #nephrology ... #sodium #low
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... 3 questions to work ... up to 3x in the setting ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #sodium
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease 

24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
Recommended initial testing ... in monitoring low-level ... C3, C4 - Test for ... #workup #diagnosis ... #nephritic #nephrology