31 results
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... thyrotoxicosis, adrenal insufficiency ... Hypercalcemia #Causes ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Endocrinology
Causes of Adrenal Insufficiency - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ACTH-Dependent (Secondary):
 • Pituitary Dysfunction
 • Hypothalamic Dysfunction
ACTH-Independent (Primary):
Causes of Adrenal ... Insufficiency - ... Polyglandular Autoimmune Syndrome ... Granulomatous Disease ... #endocrinology
Adrenal Insufficiency Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical suspicion: Weakness, fatigue, nausea, musculoskeletal pain, dizziness, volume depletion, abdominal pain,
Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Clinical ... Weakness, fatigue, nausea ... ACTH) stimulation test ... #Algorithm #endocrinology
Adrenal Insufficiency - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency:
Most Common Cause in the US: Autoimmune Adrenalitis
Other
or metastatic disease ... hypophysitis, Sheehan's syndrome ... A STIM test can ... ACTH STIM TEST: ... #Management #Endocrinology
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
Addison's Disease ... Tuberculosis: can cause ... Serum DHEAS Diagnosis ... #endocrinology ... #diagnosis #signs
Differential Diagnosis - Noninfectious Causes of Fever

CRITICAL DIAGNOSES:
 - Acute myocardial infarction
 - Pulmonary embolism or
Noninfectious Causes ... of Fever CRITICAL ... Acute adrenal insufficiency ... - Sickle cell disease ... Noninfectious #Causes
Infectious Causes of Adrenal Insufficiency
Anatomical distribution of vessels to the adrenal makes the gland prone to
Infectious Causes ... disseminated microbial disease ... Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome ... #differential #diagnosis ... #endocrinology
Growth Hormone Excess - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Acromegaly and gigantism share the same pathophysiology
Pathogenesis and clinical ... • Other rare causes ... Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ... Cardiovascular disease ... Overproduction #diagnosis
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
changes and may cause ... severe clinical ... due to chronic disease ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Pathophysiology
Alzheimer’s Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Risk factor for Late Onset Alzheimer's (99% of cases):
 - Increasing
Alzheimer’s Disease ... Pathogenesis and Clinical ... mutations - Down syndrome ... AlzheimersDisease #Dementia #pathophysiology ... #geriatrics #diagnosis