13 results
Tuberculosis Overview

10 million new M. tuberculosis infections/year
Facultative intracellular rod-shaped bacteria
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) accounts for 4.6% of
Progression: • Upper lobe ... pneumothorax, bronchiectasis ... Tuberculosis Diagnosis ... Active TB: • ... #Diagnosis #Management
Tuberculosis Overview

10 million new M. tuberculosis infections/year
Facultative intracellular rod-shaped bacteria
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) accounts for 4.6% of
Progression: • Upper lobe ... pneumothorax, bronchiectasis ... Tuberculosis Diagnosis ... Active TB: • ... #Diagnosis #Management
Hemoptysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Airways: 
 • Bronchitis
 • Bronchiectasis
 • Malignancy: Primary bronchogenic CA, Endobronchial
Diagnosis Framework ... Bronchitis • Bronchiectasis ... • Infection: TB ... syndrome • Valvular Disease ... #Diagnosis #pulmonary
Tuberculosis Testing

LATENT TB
• LTBI is diagnosed when an asymptomatic patient has a positive TST or IGRA
Testing LATENT TB ... • LTBI is diagnosed ... IGRA/QuantiFERON-TB ... intermediate risk of disease ... used to exclude pulmonary
Bronchiectasis - Permanent dilation of an airway
WHAT CAN YOU SEE ON CT?
1) Lack of tapering of
Bronchiectasis - ... Infection (Bacterial, TB ... Rheumatologic/Autoimmune diseae ... #pulmonary #diagnosis ... #differential #
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
Connective tissue diseases ... • Infection: TB ... , in advanced disease ... #pulmonary #differential ... #diagnosis
On the left some diseases with a nodular pattern.
1. Hypersensitivity pneumonitis: ill defined centrilobular nodules.
2. Miliary
the left some diseases ... a patient with active ... #Clinical #Diagnosis ... #Radiology #Pulmonary ... NodularPattern #Differential
Hemoptysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Massive Hemoptysis: >150-300 mL in 24h
Airway disease: 
 • Bronchitis, Bronchiectasis, Malignancy
Diagnosis Framework ... in 24h Airway disease ... • Bronchitis, Bronchiectasis ... Infection: Bacterial (TB ... #Diagnosis #pulmonary
Tree-in-bud almost always indicates the presence of:
Endobronchial spread of infection (TB, MAC, any bacterial bronchopneumonia)
Airway disease
of infection (TB ... cystic fibrosis, bronchiectasis ... #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #Pulmonary #CTChest ... #TreeInBud #Differential
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) Infections 

Mycobacterial species other than those belonging to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and
Centrilobular nodules - Bronchiectasis ... of right middle lobe ... Kansasii: • Mimics TB ... Diagnosis Of NTM ... NTM #Infections #differential