13 results
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
and Evaluation ... acute vs. chronic) 2) ... confusion, seizures) 3) ... , liver, renal disease ... #Algorithm #Ddxof
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Serum Osmolarity 2) ... Urine Osmolarity 3) ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Hypernatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... history Step #2 ... Uglucose Step #3 ... #Sodium #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
approach to the differential ... 2) Is ADH elevated ... vaptans (HF/liver disease ... #Differential # ... Treatment #management #nephrology
Hyponatremia Diagnostic Algorithm
1) Check serum osmolality
2) Check urine osmolality
3) ADH Dependent - Check volume status, urine
Algorithm 1) Check ... serum osmolality 2) ... urine osmolality 3) ... #differential # ... hyponatremia #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
Differential Diagnosis ... Dehydration: neurologic disease ... water unavailable 2) ... post-obstructive 3) ... Treatment #management #nephrology
Algorithm for the Evaluation of Chronic Diarrhea (< 7 days)
Exclude:
1. Causes of acute diarrhea
2. Lactose intolerance
3.
Evaluation of Chronic ... acute diarrhea 2. ... Lactose intolerance 3. ... Systemic disease ... workup #diagnosis #differential
Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM)
Hypertensive urgency
Diagnosis Algorithm ... damage or DM (visit 2) ... monitoring (visit 3+ ... Renal Parenchymal Diseases ... HTN #Secondary #Nephrology
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
Preoperative Risk Evaluation ... Ischemic heart disease ... event, follow ACC algorithm ... one post op Cardiology ... perioperative #Risk #Evaluation
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia ... obstruction 3. ... of underlying disease ... causes #treatment #nephrology