16 results
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome (HPS) 

HPS-differential diagnosis:
1. Pulmonary vasculature
2. Diseases of the lung parenchyma
3. Pleura and diaphragm

HPS-diagnosis:
1. Patients
Hepatopulmonary ... Syndrome (HPS) ... Pulmonary vasculature ... Diseases of the lung ... #hepatology #pulmonary
Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Dyspnea:
 • Myocardium:
	- Heart failure
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
 • Electrical:
	-
- Tamponade Pulmonary ... Vasculitis - Hepatopulmonary ... syndrome Other ... Transverse myelitis • Hematology ... #pulmonary
Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure - Differential Diagnosis Framework
DECREASED INSPIRED OXYGEN
 • Low PATM Can decrease first part
obesity-hypoventilation syndrome ... : Interstitial lung ... bypassing the lungs ... AVMs, hepatopulmonary ... syndrome), intracardiac
Causes of Pleural Effusion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transudate - Hydrostatic
 • Congestive heart failure
 • Constrictive
Causes of Pleural ... Pneumonectomy • Trapped lung ... Malignancy • Pulmonary ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Hepatology ... #causes
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome – ARDS: Clinical Cheat Sheet

An acute diffuse, inflammatory lung injury, leading to
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ... leading to increased pulmonary ... detected on CT or CXR ... there is no clear cause ... the underlying cause
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - Diagnosis and Management Summary
A defect in arterial oxygenation due to a gas exchange
Hepatopulmonary ... Syndrome - Diagnosis ... absence of intrinsic lung ... disease Caused ... management #treatment #hepatology
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework

NCPE Pathophysiology:
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs because of excessive pulmonary capillary
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary ... Causes include: ... ischemic changes CXR ... respiratory distress syndrome ... Transfusion-related acute lung
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
• Mounier-Kuhn syndrome ... dyskinesia • Young syndrome ... Physical stigmata of cor ... in the adjacent lung ... of the affected lung
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
granulomas within the lungs ... e.g. incidental CXR ... Pulmonary: dyspnea ... acute sarcoidosis Pulmonary ... • Heerfordt syndrome
Abnormalities in Rate and Rhythm of Breathing 
Normal 
The respiratory rate is about 14—20 per min
including restrictive lung ... , and stop for short ... hyperventilation syndrome—a ... Breathing In lung ... Breathing #Patterns #Pulmonary