55 results
Lactic Acidosis - Overview and Pathophysiology
Lactic acid is an endogenous substrate for gluconeogenesis, that is constantly
Lactic acid is an endogenous ... with exercise/activity ... of underlying disease ... why LR does not cause ... Acidosis #types #differential
Central Retinal Vein Occlusion (CRVO)
 - Pathophysiology not fully understood; possibly due to thrombus located in
Occlusion (CRVO) - Pathophysiology ... retinal vascular disease ... (Most common cause ... retinopathy) #Clinical ... #Ophthalmology
Schematic representation of the major sources of ammonia production and its excretory pathway (GI = gastrointestinal,
although hepatic causes ... decompensated liver disease ... - Significant endogenous ... deficiency #Ammonia #Pathophysiology ... Hyperammonemia #Differential
Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM)
Hypertensive urgency
Hypertension - Differential ... based on repeat clinic ... Renal Parenchymal Diseases ... Steroids (Cushing's, exogenous ... Secondary #Nephrology #Differential
Portal Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis
Portal Pressure = the pressure difference between the pressure in the portal
Hypertension - Differential ... >10 mmHg - clinically ... Veno-occlusive disease ... #Diagnosis #causes ... #hepatology
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN)
RPGN has three primary pathophysiologic causes differentiated by immunofluorescence

Immune Complex Mediated (granular staining):
three primary pathophysiologic ... causes differentiated ... involvement: Anti-GBM Disease ... Glomerulonephritis #Vasculitis #differential ... diagnosis #algorithm #rheumatology
Important Causes of Diplopia 
TIER 1-CRITICAL
Basilar artery thrombosis, Botulism, Basilar meningitis, Aneurysmn
TIER 2-EMERGENT:
Vertebral dissection, Myasthenia gravis,
Important Causes ... Diplopia TIER 1-CRITICAL ... myopathy (Graves disease ... mass #Diplopia #differential ... #diagnosis #ophthalmology
Osgood-Schlatter Disease - MSK Radiology
Imaging Findings:
 • Infrapatellar fat-pad edema with loss of the patellar tendon
Osgood-Schlatter Disease ... : • Active adolescents ... exacerbated with activity ... tibial tuberosity Differential ... #mri #clinical
Tuberculosis Overview

10 million new M. tuberculosis infections/year
Facultative intracellular rod-shaped bacteria
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) accounts for 4.6% of
tuberculosis (LTBI) Pathophysiology ... Chronic kidney disease ... Progressive lung disease ... Tuberculosis: • Endogenous ... characteristic features Clinical
Clinical Classification of Pulmonary Hypertension

1. Pulmonary arterial hypertension from pulmonary vasculopathy
Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension
Heritable gene mutations
Clinical Classification ... multifactorial mechanisms Hematologic ... , Gaucher disease ... Classification #Diagnosis #Differential ... #Causes