138 results
Causes of acute kidney injury (AKI). AKI is classified into pre-renal, renal, and post-renal causes. Renal
Causes of acute ... vascular supply; glomerular ... GBM, Glomerular ... #Diagnosis #AKI ... #Sites #Nephrology
Staging of Skin Mottling

Mottling is less sensitive, but more specific for hypoperfusion and elevated mortality (figure
Mottling suggests active ... not additional exogenous ... Mottling #Staging #Clinical ... #Diagnosis #Stages ... #Clinical
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
Causes of Hematuria ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Hematuria with active ... Hematuria with active ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
- Differential Diagnosis ... of Glomerular Bleeding ... → Diagnostic of ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #nephrology #renal
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Drugs Glomerular ... albuminuria) - Active ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
Glomerular Diseases ... RBC casts in urine ... diabetes)) #Glomerular ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
the patient have glomerular ... hematuria (RBC casts ... Comparison #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Pseudo-hyperaldosteronism: exogenous ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology #potassium
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
red - cells Non-glomerular ... - Diagnostic of ... glomerular disease ... Microscopy #Atlas #key #diagnosis ... #nephrology #casts
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine Output > 3L /day
Water Diuresis (Urine Osm <100 mOsm/kg)
 • Primary
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Azotemia • Exogenous ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology