475 results
Fever - Pyrogen Pathophysiology

EXOGENOUS PYROGEN
 • Bacteria: Lipopolysaccharide components, peptidoglycans and muramyl peptide derivatives, Toxins
 •
Pathophysiology EXOGENOUS ... components Exogenous ... , IFN, IL-6 ENDOGENOUS ... vasculature via: • Active ... organs CNS - Endogenous
Hypercortisolism (Cushing syndrome) - Simplified Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Exogenous (ACTH-independent)
Endogenous
 • ACTH-dependent:
    - ACTH-secreting
) - Simplified Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm Exogenous ... ACTH-independent) Endogenous ... Cushings #syndrome #Differential
Staging of Skin Mottling

Mottling is less sensitive, but more specific for hypoperfusion and elevated mortality (figure
Mottling suggests active ... endogenous vasoconstriction ... not additional exogenous ... Mottling #Staging #Clinical ... Diagnosis #Stages #Clinical
Workup for Hyperphosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hyperphosphatemia: paraproteinemia, hyperlipidemia, hemolysis, hyperbilirubinemia, liposomal amphotericin
Hyperphosphatemia - Differential ... Phosphate Load: • Exogenous ... Fosphenytoin • Endogenous ... Hyperphosphatemia #Differential
Rigors And Bacteremia - Overview

• Rigors are a response to the release of cytokines and prostaglandins
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY: → Exogenous ... pro-inflammatroy mediators (Endogenous ... Pyrogen) → Endogenous ... vasculature via: • Active ... circumventricular organs CNS: Endogenous
Thyroid Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypothyroidism:
 • Hasimoto’s
 • Radioactive Iodine 
 • Hypopituitarism
 • Iodine
Thyroid Disorders - Differential ... Thyroiditis • Exogenous ... Thyroid #Disorders #Differential
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis
Solute Diuresis
 • Na intake/saline
 • Glucosuria: Hyperglycemia, SGLT-2 inhibitors
 • Urea: Exogenous
Polyuria - Differential ... inhibitors • Urea: Exogenous ... #Polyuria #Differential
Headache Differential - Primary vs Secondary
A vast number of diseases can cause a headache. We divide
Headache Differential ... caused by various exogenous ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine Output > 3L /day
Water Diuresis (Urine Osm <100 mOsm/kg)
 • Primary
Polyuria - Differential ... • Azotemia • Exogenous ... #Polyuria #Differential
Differentiation of Causes of Hyperthyroidism According to Pattern of Radionucleotide Uptake
Reduced uptake:
 • Thyroiditis
 • Exogenous
Thyroiditis • Exogenous ... radionuclide #uptake #differential