11 results
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Hypernatremia Differential ... Hypernatremia #Management ... #Algorithm #Sodium ... #nephrology #insipidus
Adie's Pupil
What? Unknown nature & benign
 • Regular and mildly dilated pupil (4-6mm);
 • Light-near dissociaton;
Young females Differential ... #Adies #Pupil #PhysicalExam ... #neurology #ophthalmology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
Hypernatremia - Differential ... The differential ... , Dehydration: neurologic ... Diagnosis #Treatment #management ... #nephrology #sodium
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
consciousness Differential ... clenched; legs extended ... clenched; legs extended ... caseyalbin #PhysicalExam ... #neurology #comatose
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
approach to the differential ... #Hyponatremia #Differential ... Diagnosis #Treatment #management ... #nephrology #sodium
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
skin injury) • Neurologic ... Medium and large ... Behcet disease) Differential ... inhibitors • Uveitis- Ophthalmology ... Syndrome #diagnosis #management
Giant cell arteritis (GCA)

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) definition: Most common systemic inflammatory vasculitis in older adults
with systemic, neurologic ... Involves large and medium ... very remarkable w/differential ... required +/- prompt ophthalmology ... Symptoms #Diagnosis #Management
Primary Polydipsia
Definition: Excessive volitional water intake
Epidemiology:
 • 6-20% of patients with psychiatric disorders - Most commonly
diabetes insipidus Differential ... Urine Osm, Serum Sodium ... , Urine Sodium ... Polydipsia #diagnosis #management ... #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
thiazide-sensitive sodium ... thiazide-sensitive sodium ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology ... #management #pathophysiology
Characteristic eye movements found in Downbeat Nystagmus

Downbeat nystagmus (downward fast phase) is the most common of
The differential ... Nystagmus #Vertical #Ophthalmology ... #Neurology #Clinical ... Video #Ocular #PhysicalExam