16 results
Causes of Knee Effusions - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Knee Effusion Red Flags:
1. Fever/Chills/Joint pain/Night sweats/Weight loss
	- DDX:
		-
- Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... - Aneurysmal bone ... #diagnosis #msk ... #physicalexam
Leg Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Bone/Joint Causes of Leg Pain:
 • Fracture
 • Arthritis
 • Gout/pseudogout
Leg Pain - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... Bone/Joint Causes ... #extremity #msk ... #physicalexam
Ascites - Differential Diagnosis
Chronic liver disease (cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis) - 80%
Underlying malignancy - 10%
Congestive heart
Ascites - Differential ... liver disease ( ... Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome ... ), HIV-related, ... Diagnosis #hepatology
Bone Deformity / Limp - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 
Infection
 • Septic Arthritis
 • Cortical Hypertrophy
 •
Bone Deformity / ... Epiphysis (SCFE) • Legg-Calve-Perthes ... Disease Knee Joint ... Patellofemoral Syndrome ... Deformity #Limp #MSK
Causes of Bone/Joint Pain in Sickle Cell Disease
Vaso-occlusive pain:
 • Mechanism: ischemic pain
 • Can present
in Sickle Cell Disease ... • Most common sites ... : hip, shoulder ... diagnosis #causes ... #hematology
Causes of Ascites
Normal Peritoneum
Portal hypertension (SAAG > 1.1 g/dL)
  1. Hepatic congestionl
- Budd-Chiari syndrome ... - Nephrotic syndrome ... #Causes #diagnosis ... #differential # ... hepatology #SAAG
Purpura - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Non-blanchable, dark red to purple, hemorrhagic skin lesions that result from leakage
Purpura - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... Drug induced - Bone ... Ig A vasculitis/HSP ... #Diagnosis #hematology
Approach to Joint Pain

History:
Is the pain from:
	• Joint
	• Adjacent bursa
	• Tendon
	• Ligament
	• Bone
	• Muscle
	• Referred from
• Ligament • Bone ... e.g., congenital hip ... #Joint #Pain #MSK ... approach #workup #differential ... #diagnosis #arthritis
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Cold Agglutinin Syndrome ... negative anti-lgG ... Mycoplasma, EBV, HIV ... younger pts) Differential ... hemolytic #anemia #hematology
Approach to Joint Pain - Arthritis Differential Diagnosis Framework

Inflammatory Versus Noninflammatory Pain
 • Is it inflammatory
Pain - Arthritis Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... spine, shoulders, hips ... effusion with few ... #Diagnosis #MSK